---
name: reverse-engineering-api
description: Reverse engineer web APIs by capturing browser traffic (HAR files) and generating production-ready Python API clients. Use when the user wants to create an API client for a website, automate web interactions, or understand undocumented APIs. Activate on tasks mentioning "reverse engineer", "API client", "HAR file", "capture traffic", or "automate website".
compatibility: Requires Playwright MCP for browser control. HAR files saved to ~/.reverse-api/runs/har/{run_id}
metadata:
  author: reverse-api-engineer
  version: "1.0"
allowed-tools: Bash(python:*) Bash(uv:*) Read Write Edit
---

# Reverse Engineering API Skill

This skill enables you to reverse engineer web APIs by:
1. Controlling a browser with HAR recording enabled
2. Analyzing captured network traffic
3. Generating production-ready Python API clients

## Prerequisites

- **Playwright MCP**: You must have access to Playwright MCP tools for browser control
- **HAR Recording**: The browser must be configured to record HAR files
- **Python**: For running analysis scripts and generated clients

## Workflow Overview

```
[User Task] -> [Browser Capture] -> [HAR Analysis] -> [API Client Generation] -> [Testing & Refinement]
```

## Phase 0: Preparation (Using HAR Helper Scripts)

### Available Helper Scripts

This skill provides Python utilities for HAR analysis located at:

**Script Directory:** `plugins/reverse-api-engineer/skills/reverse-engineering-api/scripts/`

**Available Scripts:**
- `har_filter.py` - Filter HAR files to API endpoints only
- `har_analyze.py` - Extract structured endpoint information
- `har_validate.py` - Validate generated code against HAR analysis
- `har_utils.py` - Shared utility functions

### Script Usage Pattern

Use these scripts in sequence for optimal code generation:

```bash
# 1. Filter HAR to remove noise (static assets, analytics, CDN)
python {SKILL_DIR}/scripts/har_filter.py {har_path} --output filtered.har --stats

# 2. Analyze endpoints and extract patterns
python {SKILL_DIR}/scripts/har_analyze.py filtered.har --output analysis.json

# 3. Read analysis for code generation guidance
cat analysis.json

# 4. Generate API client code based on analysis

# 5. Validate generated code
python {SKILL_DIR}/scripts/har_validate.py api_client.py analysis.json
```

### Why Use These Scripts?

**har_filter.py benefits:**
- Reduces HAR file size by 80-90% (removes noise)
- Focuses analysis on actual API calls
- Significantly improves code generation quality
- Outputs statistics showing what was filtered

**har_analyze.py benefits:**
- Provides structured endpoint information
- Detects authentication patterns automatically
- Identifies pagination mechanisms
- Extracts request/response schemas
- Groups endpoints by pattern

**har_validate.py benefits:**
- Ensures all endpoints are implemented
- Validates authentication handling
- Checks for proper error handling
- Calculates coverage score (must be >= 90)
- Identifies missing features

### Task Tracking

Use TodoWrite to track workflow progress:
- Mark tasks as `pending`, `in_progress`, or `completed`
- Only ONE task should be `in_progress` at a time
- Complete ALL tasks - never stop early

**Example TodoWrite usage:**
```python
TodoWrite([
  {"content": "Filter HAR using har_filter.py", "status": "in_progress", "activeForm": "Filtering HAR"},
  {"content": "Analyze HAR using har_analyze.py", "status": "pending", "activeForm": "Analyzing endpoints"},
  {"content": "Generate API client", "status": "pending", "activeForm": "Generating code"},
  {"content": "Validate using har_validate.py", "status": "pending", "activeForm": "Validating code"},
  {"content": "Test implementation", "status": "pending", "activeForm": "Testing API client"}
])
```

**CRITICAL:** Task tracking ensures complete workflow execution. Never skip tasks or stop early.

## Phase 1: Browser Capture with HAR Recording

### Starting the Browser

When starting a browser session for API capture:

1. Launch browser with HAR recording enabled via Playwright MCP
2. Generate a unique run ID: `{run_id}`
3. Configure HAR output path: `~/.reverse-api/runs/har/{run_id}/recording.har`

### During Capture

Navigate autonomously to trigger the API calls needed:
- Login flows (capture authentication)
- Data fetching (capture GET endpoints)
- Form submissions (capture POST/PUT endpoints)
- Pagination (capture query parameter patterns)

### On Browser Close

When the browser closes, note the HAR file location:
```
HAR file saved to: ~/.reverse-api/runs/har/{run_id}/recording.har
```

## Phase 2: HAR Analysis

### Reading the HAR File

HAR files are JSON with this structure:
```json
{
  "log": {
    "entries": [
      {
        "request": {
          "method": "GET|POST|PUT|DELETE",
          "url": "https://api.example.com/endpoint",
          "headers": [...],
          "postData": {...}
        },
        "response": {
          "status": 200,
          "headers": [...],
          "content": {...}
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
```

### Filtering Relevant Entries

Filter out noise by excluding:
- Static assets: `.js`, `.css`, `.png`, `.jpg`, `.svg`, `.woff`, `.ico`
- Analytics: `google-analytics`, `segment`, `mixpanel`, `hotjar`
- Ads: `doubleclick`, `adsense`, `facebook.com/tr`
- CDN resources: `cloudflare`, `cdn.`, `static.`

Focus on:
- API endpoints: `/api/`, `/v1/`, `/v2/`, `/graphql`
- XHR/Fetch requests with JSON responses
- Requests with authentication headers

### Extracting Patterns

For each relevant endpoint, extract:

1. **URL Pattern**: Base URL, path, query parameters
2. **Method**: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH
3. **Headers**: 
   - Required headers (Authorization, Content-Type, custom headers)
   - Optional headers (User-Agent, Accept)
4. **Request Body**: JSON schema, form data structure
5. **Response Schema**: JSON structure, status codes
6. **Authentication**: See [references/AUTH_PATTERNS.md](references/AUTH_PATTERNS.md)

## Phase 3: API Client Generation

### Code Structure

Generate a Python module with:

```
{output_dir}/
  api_client.py    # Main API client class
  README.md        # Usage documentation
```

### api_client.py Template

```python
"""
Auto-generated API client for {domain}
Generated from HAR capture on {date}
"""

import requests
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class {ClassName}Client:
    """API client for {domain}."""
    
    def __init__(
        self,
        base_url: str = "{base_url}",
        session: Optional[requests.Session] = None,
    ):
        self.base_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
        self.session = session or requests.Session()
        self._setup_session()
    
    def _setup_session(self):
        """Configure session with default headers."""
        self.session.headers.update({
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible)",
            "Accept": "application/json",
            # Add other required headers
        })
    
    def _request(
        self,
        method: str,
        endpoint: str,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> requests.Response:
        """Make an HTTP request with error handling."""
        url = f"{self.base_url}{endpoint}"
        try:
            response = self.session.request(method, url, **kwargs)
            response.raise_for_status()
            return response
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            logger.error(f"Request failed: {e}")
            raise
    
    # Generated endpoint methods go here
    def get_example(self, param: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """
        Fetch example data.
        
        Args:
            param: Description of parameter
            
        Returns:
            JSON response data
        """
        response = self._request("GET", f"/api/example/{param}")
        return response.json()


# Example usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    client = {ClassName}Client()
    # Example calls
```

### Code Quality Requirements

All generated code must include:

1. **Type hints** for all parameters and return values
2. **Docstrings** for all public methods
3. **Error handling** with try-except blocks
4. **Logging** for debugging
5. **Session management** for connection reuse
6. **Authentication handling** based on detected patterns

## Phase 4: Testing & Refinement

### Testing the Generated Client

After generating the client:

1. Run the example usage section
2. Verify responses match expected structure
3. Handle any errors encountered

### Iteration Protocol

You have up to 5 attempts to fix issues:

```
Attempt 1: Initial implementation
  - What was tried
  - What failed (if anything)
  - What was changed

Attempt 2: Refinement
  ...
```

### Common Issues

| Issue | Solution |
|-------|----------|
| 403 Forbidden | Add missing headers, check authentication |
| Bot detection | Switch to Playwright with stealth mode |
| Rate limiting | Add delays, respect Retry-After headers |
| Session expiry | Implement token refresh logic |
| CORS errors | Use server-side requests (not applicable to Python) |

## Domain Discovery (Optional)

Before capture, you may want to map the domain to understand its structure.

### Using the Mapper Script

Run `scripts/mapper.py` to quickly discover:
- All pages on the domain or subdomains
- Subdomains

It is useful for generalizing your scripts on multitenants websites.

For example, for Ashby ATS or Workday it's useful to find other companies using this ATS when trying to generalize your script.

```bash
python scripts/mapper.py https://example.com
```

### Using the Sitemap Parser

Run `scripts/sitemap.py` to extract URLs from sitemaps:

```bash
python scripts/sitemap.py https://example.com
```

## Output Locations

- **HAR files**: `~/.reverse-api/runs/har/{run_id}/`
- **Generated scripts**: `./{task_name}`

## Example Session

```
User: "Create an API client for the Apple Jobs website"


1. [Browser Capture]
   Launch browser with HAR recording
   Navigate to jobs.apple.com
   Perform search, browse listings
   Close browser
   HAR saved to: ~/.reverse-api/runs/har/{run_id}/recording.har

   Note: you can monitor browser requests with the Playwright MCP

2. [HAR Analysis]
   Found endpoints:
   - GET /api/role/search?query=...
   - GET /api/role/{id}
   Authentication: None required (public API)

3. [Generate Client]
   Create : {task_name}/api_client.py
   
4. [Test]
   Ran example usage - Success!
   
5. [Summary]
   Generated Apple Jobs API client with:
   - search_roles(query, location, page)
   - get_role(role_id)
   Files: ./{task_name}/
```